LO4
Apply
relational database design approach and
implement it using Microsoft Access or other DBMS
What
is database??
Database:
-
Is an organized collection of data.
- It is a collection of information
arranged and presented in alphabetical order.
-
Mechanism for storing, managing and
retrieving information.
Database management system is a software system
for manipulating databases.
Database
Application
Database
Components
Data item is a field in data
processing and it is a piece of information.
Relationships: It represents a
correspondence between various data elements.
Constraints: These are the predicates
that define correct database states.
Schema: It describes the organization
of data and relationship within the database. The conceptual schema defines the
stored data structure. The external schema defines a view of the database for
particular users.
Fundamentals of
database
Field: A specific piece or category of data such as a first
name, last name, city, state, subject, birthdate. (column)
Record: Related fields that describes a person, place, thing or
transaction (customer, student, etc.). (row)
Key field: A field that contains unique information for each
record, such as ID for student.
Table: A collection of
records for a single subject such as students, products or sales.
Relational databse: Multiple
tables that are linked together to address a business process, like managing
timetable, courses and students.
Object: The parts of an
Access database that help you view, edit, manage and analyze.
Database management system
Database
Management System
= a software
package for manipulating databases.
= “database program”
Features
Of DBMS
Allow users to create new databases: The DBMS establishes
the logical relationships among different data elements in a database and also
defines schemas using the DDL (data definition language).
Give users the ability to query and modify the data using appropriate
language (query
language or data manipulation DML).
It provides information to the decision makers that they need to make
important decisions. This information is provided by
querying the database using SQL.
Examples
of DBMS
My SQL, Microsoft Access, Postgre SQL, SQL Server, File Maker,
Oracle, RDBMS, etc,.
Types
of Database Language
·
DDL (data definition language)
·
DML (data manipulation language)
·
DCL (data control language)
Database Models
Structure
Characteristic Definition
Description
Organization
Data models basic building block
The
basic building block for all data models.
Entity:
Represent a particular object in the real world, represent on table.
Attributes:
Characteristic of an entity, help to identify the entity, represent by column
in table.
Relationship:
·
Describes
the relationship among entity.
·
Can
be shown in the form of diagram.
·
Entity
relationship diagram (ERD).
·
Three
types of relationship
One to one (1:1)
One to many (1:M)
Many to many (M:M)
Building Database Using Microsoft Access
Access is the
database-management program, part of the Microsoft Office suite, that enables
you to maintain databases.
Under the title bar,
Microsoft Access displays an object named the Ribbon. The Ribbon starts on the
left side with the word File, which is selected by default. Under File appears
a menu with items such as Save and Open.
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